The Guns Of August And All Quiet On The Western Front

The First World War took the world by storm; no person could have imagined the horrors and detriments the â€Å"Great War† would cause. Over a span of four years, millions of soldiers and civilians died. Children lost their parents, and wives, their husbands. So unprecedented was this type of vicious warfare that the countries involved were unprepared for one of the worst wars in history. Two books, The Guns of August and All Quiet on the Western Front address and highlight major themes of World War I. The books offer insight to the political and military strategies of France, England, and Germany during the first month of the war, as well as the emotions of a German soldier on the Western Front in the final days leading up to the German Armistice. Each book uniquely describes an aspect of war and creates a fresh and new experience for the reader to learn about World War I. In Barbara W. Tuchman’s book, The Guns of August, the first thirty days of war are made known to be some of the most vital times of World War I. Beginning with the funeral of Edward VII of England, the first chapter introduces the Kaiser William II of Germany. Tuchman proceeds to address the plans and outbreak of the war. The battles in the Mediterranean, Western and Eastern Fronts, and the offensive of Germany are described in great detail in the â€Å"Battle† section. Ending with the start of the First Battle of the Marne, Tuchman chronicles the defense of Paris and the sweep made by General von Kluck’s army inShow MoreRelatedThe Age Of Industrialization And Imperialism1220 Words   |  5 Pageson the tangled issues involving nationalism, alliances, and militarization and the development of new technology and warfare at the beginning of the four year long war. At the mark of the new year, Europe found itself supreme and leading in most all categories relevant to the West. The age of industrialization and imperialism had just commenced and Europeans found themselves center stage in science, culture, economics, and fashion. Following the Napoleonic wars and the Congress of Vienna, EuropeanRead MoreAssess the Role of Canada in the First World War.1500 Words   |  6 Pagesin Quebec) were reluctant and even opposed to aiding Britain in the war. This fact is understandable because Canada committed to a total war effort, even when it was not exactly their war to fight. When the British Empire joined World War I in 1914, all Dominions of the Empire were brought into the conflict, including Canada. Canada was not given prior knowledge, it was automatic, and without their consent. Even though Canada may have not met her full potential as an aid to the war because of her politicalRead MoreGuns of August2668 Words   |  11 Pages1 The Guns of August by Barbara W. Tuchman A predilection for the high drama of war stories and an appreciation for history as narrative led me explore Barbara W. Tuchman’s The Guns of August , a dramatic, comprehensive and painstakingly detailed account of the beginnings of World War One. Having read her history of fourteenth century Europe, A Distant Mirror, I was eager to see how she would apply her style of taking important individuals of the period and showing how events unfolded throughRead MoreThe Battle of Britain and Sir Winston Churchill Essay1881 Words   |  8 Pagesoffensive battles and defensive support of World War II. The defense of Canada fell under the command of two division of the RCAF, the Eastern Air Command and the Western Air Command. The purpose of the Eastern Air Command was to defend the Canadian and American coasts against German U-Boat. The first 18 months of the war were relatively quiet, but from the spring of 1941, the resources of EAC were taxed to their utmost limits in the grim Battle of the Atlantic. Enemy U-boats were sighted and attackedRead More Rwandan Genocide of 1994 Essays2528 Words   |  11 Pageson a daily basis with the intent to eliminate an ethnic group known as the Tutsi by another ethnic group known as the Hutus. This genocide was overlooked by the United Nations, and the superpowers of the time offered very little or no assistance at all to Rwanda. The civil unrest between the Hutus and the Tutsi has been in place since the Belgians segregated the two groups after being handed Rwanda after World War I. The Tutsis were favoured and placed above the Hutus and i dentity cards were distributedRead MoreHistory Grade 10 Exam Review6476 Words   |  26 Pages* Dark Period in Quebecs history * William Aberhart (Premier of Alberta): 1935- 1943, (member of the legisative assembly of alberta): 1940- 1943 * Called Bible Bill ïÆ'   strong religious beliefs * Formed social credit party in western Canada * James Shaver Woodsworth (Winnipeg MP): 1921–1925, 1925- 1942 * Created CCF * Creation old age pension plans * Hitler * 1933 ïÆ'   Leader of fascist Nazi Party * Chancellor of Germany * Benito Mussolini Read MoreThe Life of Adolf Hitler Essay2308 Words   |  10 Pagesobsessed with power and dictatorship, now personally responsible for the deaths of 6 million Jews. In the Austrian town of Braunau on April 20th, 1889, Adolf Hitler was born to mother and father Klara Pà ¶lzl and Alois Hitler. Adolf was a great student all throughout primary school, even being a member in the school choir, but very shortly after going to college Adolf soon became rebellious and was failing many of he’s classes. In 1905 He transferred to another school, but then in the end he just quitRead MoreSocial, Political and Economic Effects of Wwi2238 Words   |  9 Pagesto fight total war. The war metamorphed Europe socially, politicaly, economically, and intellectualy. brbrEuropean countries channeled all of their resources into total war which resulted in enormous social change. The result of working together for a common goal seemed to be unifying European societies. Death knocked down all barriers between people. All belligerents had enacted some form of a selective service which levelled classes in many ways. Wartime scarcities made luxury an impossibilityRe ad More Key Events in the Civil Rights Movement Essay3697 Words   |  15 Pagescould not find a job to suit her skills. Rosa Parks was arrested December 1955. Rosa Parks Entered a bus with three other blacks and sat on the fifth row. The fifth row was the first row the black could occupy. After a few stops later the rows in front of them where filled with whites. According to the law at the time blacks and whites could not occupy the same row. There had been one white man left with out a seat. The bus driver had told the four to move so the white man had a place to sit. TheRead Moresecrets of body language11913 Words   |  48 Pagesthe media glare. Look beyond the words. Their body language says it all. It s a sudden poise. Self-touch gesture. Hot spots. Microexpressions. In this special, experts will dissect the body, the face, and the voice to reveal its hidden meanings, its secrets. This is a world where what we say is all important. They said this day would never come. We hang on every word. Tomorrow, we begin again. Thank you. But are we getting all the message? Older, darker, psychopaths, ser ial killers handwriting-Research

How the Sub-Plot Mirrors the Main Plot in King Lear by...

How the Sub-Plot Mirrors the Main Plot in King Lear by William Shakespeare One can say that the sub plot does mirror the main plot to some extent. Some are in subtle ways and some are in the more obvious ways. Shakespeare has two plots in order to intensify the main theme of tragedy that runs throughout this play. The main plot is in which King Lear is the tragic hero however it is clear that just by misfortune he is deprived of something very valuable to him by error of judgment and this is immediately highlighted in the first scene of Act one where he goes through a rapid transition of loving to hating his only truly loyal daughter Cordelia. Disowning her because she refuses to exaggerate her†¦show more content†¦Although in King Lear the two tragic characters, a king and an earl, are not ordinary men. To have a man who is conspicuous and endures suffering brought about because of his own error is striking. The fear aroused for this man is of great importance because of his exalted position. His fall is awesome and overwhelming. This also appl ies in ‘Othello’, where the high position of Othello is such that his fall is to a catastrophic level and highlights the tragedy. When tragedy, as in ‘King Lear’, happens to two such men, the effect is even greater. Although some of Lear’s actions and decisions are very flawed, they are not occasioned by any corruption or depravity in him, but by an error in judgement, which, however, does arise from a defect of character. Lear has a tragic flaw, which is indeed egotism. It is his egotism in the first scene that causes him to make his error in judgment - the division of his kingdom and the loss of Cordelia. Throughout the rest of the play, the consequences of this error slowly and steadfastly increase until Lear is destroyed. Therefore although egotism is a big part of his character, that does not prevent the audience from understanding the tragedy that falls on him. This is because for us as the audience to identify tragedy with him, we must feel th at what happens to him could happen to us. IfShow MoreRelatedReligion in Shakespeare1024 Words   |  4 PagesThe religion of William Shakespeare is a subject about which very few people have a complete understanding. His plays and poems contain an almost overwhelming number of biblical references and allusions to biblical thinking, which can be seen as either Protestant or Catholic in understanding. His concealment of various understandings and interpretations of religious ideology make it difficult to ascertain his own religious beliefs, however, through further analysis of [insert names of plays], onceRead MoreEssay about Shakespeares Twelfth Night1780 Words   |  8 Pages Shakespeares Twelfth Night A study of William Shakespeares Twelfth Night, showing how Shakespeares choice of form, structure and language shape meaning Wit, andt be thy will, put me into good fooling! Those wits that think they have thee do very oft prove fools; and I that am sure I lack thee may pass for a wise man. For what says Quinapalus? Better a witty fool than a foolish wit. Shakespeares plays were written to be performed to an audience from different social classes and

German Prepositions That Take the Accusative Case

The Cost Reduction Strategies For Prescription Drugs

Although the paper has presented the problems and core solutions in resolving the cost reduction strategies for prescription drugs, it’s important to consider the short-term solution rather than the long-term. In long-term problem solving strategic plan like the change in the overall U.S health system, the process of transforming the highly dominated private health financing system to government funding and controlling system takes years, even decade. To reduce the price of prescription drugs in the United States, this paper (part III) has presented recommendations on the two presented solutions (price controlling strategies at health organization and individual levels) in the second part of the paper. Both health care organization and individuals, who purchase and consume prescription drugs can play a great role in reducing the nation’s total prescription drug expenditures as well as individual expenses. Since 2004, one out of every ten dollars on health care has been spent on prescription drugs since 2004 follow-on a sharp increase in 12.2 percent in 2014 (Kennedy Morgan, 2009). This figure indicates that while the U.S. health care gets the best technology and infrastructures in treating its nations, there is an undeniable increase in health care cost, especially, in prescription drugs. Reducing the inflation of the prescription drug cost at the health organization level and individual level while keeping the quality health services are important solutions thatShow MoreRelatedDrug Law Violations And Its Effects On The Lives Of Individuals1151 Words   |  5 Pagesarrested every year because of drug law violation. 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How well are the current policies working based on research data The large indicator of success of these programs is the documented 75 percent reduction in HIV transmissions associated with injection drug use said Anne Roach, spokeswoman for the Department of Public Health. â€Å"Vivitrol is a drug some experts think can revolutionize the treatment of heroin and prescription opioid abuse† (Tabachnick, n.d). Vivitrol-Read MoreEco/561 Business Proposal Essay examples1636 Words   |  7 Pagesneed to offer a wider variety of prescription medication selections and options system-wide. In this proposal, assumptions about the elasticity of demand and the market structure for these medications and expanded services will be included. Additionally, how the expansion will increase revenues will be explained. Further, a rationale for determining the profit-maximizing quantity will be provided. 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Fair Is Foul And Foul Is Fair Essay - 760 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the tragedy, Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the paradoxical theme of â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† functions throughout the play. The line is a prophecy which one thing seems like another. It implies especially to the characters that they are not as they seem to be. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Three Witches are the ones who introduce the paradox that runs throughout the play. The theme affects these characters because although they speak of the future, they do not seem to affect the course of it. They are the agents of fate because they only speak of the truth of what will happen. Macbeth refers to the Witches as the Weird Sisters. In fact the word quot;Weirdquot; comes from an old English word†¦show more content†¦You should be women, And yet your beards forbid me to interpret That you are so.† Macbeth also remarks that they â€Å"seem’d corporal† and yet they vanish like â€Å"bubbles into the air.† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The paradoxical theme affects Macbeth’s by turning his life upside down. Macbeth is not the person he is as he seems. He is introduced as a warrior hero, whose fame in the battlefield wins him the honor from King Duncan. However, his ambitions are made clear when he reveals his inner emotions and thoughts. One example is when Macbeth says, â€Å"I am settle and bend up Each corporal agent to this terrible feat. Away, and mock the time with fairest show. False face must hide what the false heart doth know.† Macbeth knows that the act of killing Duncan is morally wrong and even agonizes over the idea of killing someone who loves him as much as Duncan does, yet decides that he will do it anyway. Macbeth does not like the fact that Duncan intends to pass the crown to his son Malcolm. The blindness of the Duncan shows when he says, â€Å"To find the mind’s construction in the face. He was a gentleman on whom I built An absolute trust,† he greets Macbeth as his â€Å"worthiest cousin.† The effect the paradox has on Macbeth is ultimately his death. When the Witches prophesize that no man born from a woman’s womb can defeat him, he feels invincible. However, Macbeth does not realize that Macduff was born unnaturally. Paradoxically, the more powerShow MoreRelatedFair Is Foul and Foul Is Fair1004 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Fair is foul and foul is fair†. The text Macbeth is asphyxiated in themes of treachery, dishonesty, deception shown by the quote â€Å"Fair is foul and foul is fair†. This quote shows that despite the fact that something appears to be devout and pure it may underneath be treacherous and evil. The text is smothered in lies and betrayal from various characters. Shakespeare portrays this theme through the Witches and Hecate’s meandering of Macbeth’s prophecy which tricks Macbeth in to believing he is insuperableRead MoreMacbeth Literary Essay : Fair Is Foul And Foul Is Fair1297 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth Literary Essay: â€Å"Fair is foul and foul is fair† In the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, the characters are often mislead by the impression of reality. The quote â€Å"fair is foul and foul is fair† (Shakespeare 1.1.12), is said by the three witches. This quote is very significant, as it is an elaborate theme throughout the play. Also, the word fair means good, and foul means evil. Fair is foul and foul is fair is a theme that demonstrates how appearances often differs from reality. ThisRead MoreAmerican Paradox : Fair Is Foul, And Foul Is Fair1759 Words   |  8 PagesJessica Patterson Kaci L. West ENGL 1102-8 May 5, 2015 American Paradox: â€Å"Fair is Foul, and Foul is Fair† Shakespeare’s play Macbeth is known for its plot twists and ambiguous words. Throughout the play Macbeth believed the witches prophecy that he would become king. Macbeth obsessed over the idea of becoming king. He began to manipulate his friends and family, and ultimately he killed himself and everyone he loved. The witches were able to influence Macbeth into believing the prophecy was trueRead MoreEssay Macbeth Themes: Fair Is Foul and Foul Is Fair900 Words   |  4 PagesThe theme of ‘Fair is foul, foul is fair’ permeates throughout the play Macbeth. Explain what it means, providing examples from the play to support your answer: One of the most important themes in the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare comes from one of the last lines in Act 1, Scene 1 of the play. The three witches speak this simple line ‘Fair is foul, and foul is fair,’ shortly before they disperse and it becomes a prophecy and an underlying warning for the rest of the play. The connotationsRead MoreThe Theme Fair is Foul and Foul is Fair in Macbeth by William Shakespeare1126 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme Fair is Foul and Foul is Fair in Macbeth by William Shakespeare The witches in a barren heath are the first to mention Macbeth - thus indicating that he, the main character of the play, has, or will have a very strong tie to them and evil. Shakespeare opens the play with a dark and mysterious atmosphere, setting the mood of the play using a thunderstorm, an example of pathetic fallacy, a device used effectively throughout the play. This opening suggests thatRead More1. (1.1) Witches Fair is foul and foul is fair this quotation is stated in line 10 by the500 Words   |  2 Pages1. (1.1) Witches Fair is foul and foul is fair this quotation is stated in line 10 by the witches in the opening of the play.This quotation is very important because it introduces what the whole play is going to be about. How what is fair to them might not be fair to others. This quote is magnificent because it provides a wonderful example of paradox by letting the audience know that even tough something bad might occur it will benefit someone else. 2. (1.3) First Witch Though his bark cannotRead More Supernatural in Shakespeares Macbeth - Beyond the Fair and Foul1059 Words   |  5 PagesMore to Macbeth than Fair and Foul      Ã‚  Ã‚   The statement Fair is foul, and foul is fair does not thoroughly express the many themes of Shakespeares Macbeth.   The first time this statement occurs is very early in the play, when the witches chant the exact line Fair is foul, and foul is fair(I.i.12) only for Macbeth to repeat it himself two scenes later.   This repetition of the lines shows that the characters themselves believe that there are many foul events taking place.   Firstly, one canRead MoreElucidation Regarding the Stages Set by Fair is foul, and foul is fair (I: i, 10), in William Shakespeares The Tragedy of Macbeth1076 Words   |  5 Pagesutilizes many paradoxes in The Tragedy of Macbeth to provide entertainment for the audience. The people during the Renaissance loved paradoxes because of their unique structure. In the exposition, the paradoxes the witches present, â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (I: i, 10), sets the stages of the tragedy because it holds various significant me aning. Literally, the quotation transcends to good is bad, and bad is good; however, it actually implies that one cannot assume anything. The paradoxRead MoreTheme of Fair is Foul in William Shakespeares Macbeth Essay2104 Words   |  9 PagesTheme of Fair is Foul in William Shakespeares Macbeth Fair is Foul is the major theme in Macbeth and is present throughout the play in both the characters and the events. Fair is Foul refers to the contrast of good and evil in the play, since Macbeth commits many evil murders for what seem to be good reasons. There are several false and secretive characters, such as the Witches, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, because of the contradiction of good and evil. Therefore the Read MoreEssay on How Macbeths Character Turns from Fair to Foul2338 Words   |  10 PagesHow Macbeths Character Turns from Fair to Foul Shakespeare’s text ‘Macbeth’ is the tale of a man ruined by his own ambition. The story of Macbeth is an example of power at the expense of everything else, he begins the play as a strong character that is greatly admired, however as the play progresses Macbeths personality and actions become more and more devious which eventually leads to his destruction. His character changed from a ‘brave’ and ‘noble’ person to a ‘dead

Use of Bim Principles Revolutionizing Industry

Question: Describe about the Use of Bim Principles for Revolutionizing Industry. Answer: Introduction Building Information Modelling (BIM) has become an optimal technique for designing, constructing, managing, operating, using and maintaining buildings (Autodesk2, 2016). The technique is undoubtedly revolutionizing the building and construction industry (Slowey, 20015), which has been purported to be slow at adopting new technological tools. In this regard, principles of BIM will be very useful in selecting the most suitable hot water unit for the proposed new house. There are various ways in which the principles of BIM can be applied when selecting the hot water unit. The ultimate goal of applying these principles is to ensure that an efficient unit is selected so that the project can be completed successfully. How BIM will help in selecting the hot water unit Visualize and simulate the unit BIM principles will be used to visualize and simulate the hot water unit using a variety of simulation tools. This will help in identifying potential designs that will fit in the new house. These simulation tools will also be used for calculating energy performance and efficiency of the hot water unit. BIM contains all information associated with the building, including the buildings physical characteristics, functional characteristics and any other information related to the life cycle of the project (Azhar, 2011). So the project team will be able to analyze, visualize and have a feel of the design (Carter, 2013), which will assist in selecting a unit that will provide maximum performance and efficiency. It will be easier to generate 3D renderings and shop drawings/fabrication of the unit using BIM tools. This means that BIM principles will be used to select a hot water unit with high performance efficiency and lower operational and maintenance costs throughout its useful life. Enhance collaboration One of the principles of BIM is to facilitate collaboration among the different teams working on the project. The hot water unit is just one of the different systems that will be installed in the house. It is necessary for the entire project team to know the details of the unit and how it will be integrated in the house. The BIM principles will be used to facilitate better planning, designing, building and managing of the project (Autodesk, 2011). With this model, all necessary information will be available to all team members. Different members of the team working on the project will be allowed to propose their suggestions on the design of the hot water unit (Mott, 2016). Any new changes will also be updated and all members will see them from wherever they are. With BIM approach, members from different disciplines will be sharing their combined knowledge, understanding, skills and expertise in an open, respectful, and trustworthy environment (Mignone, Hosseini and Chileshe, 2015). T his will ensure that the entire team works together from start to end of the project, particularly to select the best option for the hot water unit. BIM will make it possible for members of the team to collaborate without the hindrance of their geographic locations (Wood, 2008). All these members will access the necessary details and updates of the hot water units design options from wherever they are. This is similar to having a virtual office where members can pass information easily among themselves. Optimize the design Before selecting the final design for the hot water unit, different design options will be analyzed. This is so as to collect adequate information that will help in making the final decision on the design option to select. BIM will be used to develop several design alternatives and analyze them simultaneously using one model. These alternatives will be visualized, quantified and analyzed before making that final decision (Revit, 2007). The different design alternatives will be analyzed based on the heating requirements of the homeowner, heating capacity of the hot water unit, cost of purchase, installation, operation and maintenance of the unit, performance efficiency of the unit, energy requirements of the unit, and environmental impacts of the unit, among others. When any modifications are made to the design model o as to satisfy these requirements, they will be automatically updated on all views of the design. This means that the designs will be optimized effortlessly thus making it easier to understand the implications of each modification (Graphisoft, 2016) Analysis of energy use Water heating systems are some of the biggest consumers of energy in buildings. For example, buildings (both residential and commercial buildings) in the US are estimated to consume about 40% of the total energy used in the country (Revit, 2007). Numerous efforts are being put in place to reduce energy consumption by buildings, not only in the US but across the world. Reducing energy consumed by water heating systems is a significant step towards reducing total energy used by buildings. Many companies and clients have been outsourcing energy analysis because of the large amount of time and costs associated with the analysis. It will not happen for this project because BIM has different tools for energy analysis of buildings. These tools will be used to analyze energy requirements for different design options so as to select the most efficient design. Resolve conflicts This being a system that will be installed in specific locations of the house, its elements have to fit perfectly in the designated places. BIM tools will be used to detect clashes automatically thus making it easier to make changes so as to come up with the most suitable hot water unit (Matt, 2016). This will not only help in developing a perfect fitting unit but will also avoid additional costs that would have been incurred when installing the imperfect unit. Besides resolving conflict between the unit and the house, BIM will also help in resolving conflicts among the project team members. BIM models are synchronized tools that enable early detection of clashes between different members of the project team (InfoComm International, 2008). Early identification of areas of conflict aids in early and speedy resolution of these conflicts. This will have a greater impact on the entire project because it means that the time and cost of completing the project will be reduced. Other members of the project team will access all the information about the design options being analyzed and give their suggestions for consideration in the final design option (Centre for Window and Cladding Technology, 2012). Forensic analysis BIM will be used to analyze essential physical and functional features of the hot water unit digitally. There are several factors that affect the efficiency of water heating systems, including design of the system and materials used to make the system, among others. If these factors are not analyzed meticulously, they can easily lead to leaks or failures. This will definitely mean high repair and maintenance costs or replacement of the unit. However, this can be avoided by use of BIM principles. BIM has multiple tools for forensic analysis of system designs. These tools will be used to analyze how the hot water unit operates (Messner, 2011), especially its potential leaks and failures. This will be useful in developing strategies on how to resolve them even before the unit is installed. Since each design option has different potential leaks and failures, BIM principles will help in identifying the design with the least probability. Forensic analysis is very important in this project because there are numerous adverse effects associated with failure or leakage of hot water units. If these units fail or start leaking, it means that the users hot water needs will not be met. It may also cause injuries or property damage, or even death. Therefore BIM tools will be used in selecting a design option with the least chance of failing or leaking. Additionally, these tools will also be integrated in the unit model so that they can be used for early detection of leakages or failure when the unit is in use. Cost estimation Cost is a very crucial element in this project. It is every engineers and/or clients wish to get the best product at the lowest price possible. However, this does not mean compromising the quality of the product being developed. BIM will be used to select a design option that will give the best price possible for the hot water unit with the highest quality (Calvert, 2013). BIM tools have integrated features for cost estimation. These tools extract material quantities automatically from the design models and estimate their costs. This will make it easier to compare the total cost of the unit for different materials, sizes and shapes. So BIM will help in selecting the design with the best price, which will save costs both for the design team and client (Competitive Advantage, 2012). Improve efficiency All designs works involve a lot of documentation and paperwork. As a matter of fact, maintaining these papers is quite challenging, cumbersome and time consuming. If any of the papers gets lost, damaged or misplaced, the entire design gets affected and most of the time it will mean redoing the work again. BIM combines both design and documentation in a single model. People who use BIM do not have to deal with design and documentation separately because both of them are in a single interface. This does not only make work easier but can reduce the total time used for designing by almost half (Yan and Damian, 2007). This improved efficiency will also be passed to all stages of the units lifecycle thus saving costs during the design, construction, use and maintenance of the unit (Autodesk1, 2016). In addition, BIM combines information modelling and management. This helps in ensuring that all persons involved in a project are working from the same page and as a team. Their combined efforts are also valued and it makes each member accountable for his/her duties. In this regard, it will be easier for the project team to work together, share ideas, identify and fix errors, and combine their efforts in making sure that they select the best design option (Mineer, 2015). All these will be achieved without the hustle of moving around with papers from one member to another or having to call each member to inform them about new changes made to the designs being analyzed. Understand unit lifecycle The main purpose of selecting the hot water unit in this project is so that it can be used to meet the needs of the client. Therefore it is not just about designing the unit but also looking at how it will be built and used in its entire lifecycle. When in the process of selecting the most suitable unit, BIM will be used to demonstrate the whole unit lifecycle. This will entail its life during design, installation, use, demolition and reuse (NBS, 2016). Understanding these elements will be useful in selecting a hot water unit that will serve the intended purpose optimally with the least possible negative impacts. Considering the direct and indirect impacts of energy consumption on the environment, especially climate change, understanding the lifecycle of any water heating system is very crucial. This is because these systems consume a lot of energy and this translates into negative environmental impacts. In this project, BIM will help to understand the impacts that the unit will have on the environment throughout its lifecycle. This will help in selecting a unit with the least environmental effects, if any. Client satisfaction This is one of the greatest objectives of BIM because everything done in any project is aimed at ensuring that the client is fully satisfied with the final product or work. The house owner definitely wants a hot water unit that will meet his/her needs fully. For this to be achieved, it is necessary to involve the owner, as a member of project team, when designing or selecting the unit. But this has to be done with the least efforts from the owner. BIM will be used to share visual information of the hot water unit during the selection process so that the client can give his/her inputs. Considering the clients inputs is undoubtedly the best way to ensure that the client will be fully satisfied with the design option that will be selected at the end. Conclusion BIM has been designed to facilitate project implementation from start to finish. If used appropriately, this technological process enables collaboration among project team members, visualization and stimulation of the project, comprehensive analysis of the design, saves time and cost, improves efficiency, optimizes design, and boosts client satisfaction. Therefore BIM is very useful in this project as it will ensure that that the selected hot water unit is of the best quality, has lower construction and operating costs, has a shorter turnaround time and meets the clients needs. References Autodesk, 2011, Building Information Modeling: Realizing the benefits of BIM, Autodesk, Inc., USA. Autodesk1, 2016, The Value of BIM for Owners: Save Time and Money During the Building Lifecycle, Autodesk, Inc., USA. Autodesk2, 2016, What is BIM? Viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.autodesk.com/solutions/bim/overview Azhar S, 2011, Building Information Modeling (BIM): Trends, Benefits, Risks and Challenges for the AEC Industry, Leadership and Management in Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineer, pp. 241-252. Calvert N, 2013, 10 Points and the Benefits of BIM, viewed September 15, 2016, https://blog.synchroltd.com/10-points-and-the-benefits-of-bim Carter B, 2013, The pros and cons to building information modelling, viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.willisfinexglobal-news.com/the-pros-and-cons-to-business-information-modelling/ Centre for Window and Cladding Technology, 2012, Building Information Modelling Principles for Building envelopes, University of Bath, Claverton Down. Competitive Advantage, 2012), Adoption of Building Information Modelling, viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.slideshare.net/cadvantagemarketing/adoption-of-bim-a-research-report Graphisoft, 2016, Open BIM, viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.graphisoft.com/archicad/open_bim/about_bim/ InfoComm International, 2008, Building Information Modeling, InfoComm: USA Matt B, 2016, Building Information Modeling for the Win: Top 10 Benefits of BIM, Redshift, Autodesk, USA. Messner J, 2011, The Uses of BIM, viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.bim.psu.edu/Uses/ Mignone G, Hosseini M R Chileshe N, 2015, Enhancing collaboration in building information modeling: team working principles, Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) COBRA AUBEA 2015, Sydney. Mineer D, 2015, Pros Cons of Using a BIM Model for your Next Project, viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.constructionmonitor.com/blog/2015/12/03/pros-cons-of-using-a-bim-model-for-your-next-project/ Mott M, 2016, Building Information Modelling, viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.mottmac.com/article/2385/building-information-modelling-bim NBS, 2016, What is Building Information Modelling (BIM)? Viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/what-is-building-information-modelling-bim Revit, 2007, Building Information Modeling for Sustainable Design, Autodesk, Inc., USA. Slowey K, 2015, How BIM is revolutionizing the construction industry, Construction Dive, viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.constructiondive.com/news/how-bim-is-revolutionizing-the-construction-industry/408617/ Wood D, 2008, Why Use BIM? Viewed September 15, 2016, https://www.fox-architects.com/blog/post/why-use-bim/ Yan H Damian P, 2007, Benefits and Barriers of Building Information Modelling. Loughborough University, UK.

Transpotation and Ditribution Management Influence of Globalization

Question: Describe about the Transpotation and Ditribution Management for Influence of Globalization. Answer: Introduction: With the increasing influence of globalization and increase in competition in the market, the transport management system has experienced an increasing significance in the organizational activities. Products are transported among diverse locations in different stages in a supply chain system in an organization. As a result, there is an increasing need for prompt and effective transportation system in business organizations. As a transport manager of Mc Donalds Inc. the leading fast food and quick service restaurant business organization globally, the following report is conducted with the aim to analyse the effectiveness the three crucial aspects of transportation management, namely, Incoterms Consideration Selections, Carrier Selection Criteria, and Carrier Relationship management. McDonalds is the worlds leading fast food restaurant with annual turnover of $28.11 billion in 2013 (Mcdonalds.com, 2016). It is also the second largest employer with an approximate strength of workforce of 420,000. It is present in 118 countries with total number of 36,525 stores (Mcdonalds.com, 2016). Popular McDonalds products that are sold everyday globally are BigMac, McNuggets, Fried Potatoes, Egg McMuffins, and Cheeseburger, Ham Burger, etc. McDonalds has strategically changed its products according to local customs and tastes like in Singapore, McDonalds has introduced Delight 500 Lunch/ Dinner which is unique in Sin gapore only. Although it is not the first in the business model but it is the leading one and that what make MC Donalds unique. McDonalds is dedicated towards its customers in providing fresh and hygienic fast food and this only possible through trust and consistency in its transportation and logistics services. Thus, Transportation System is an incorporating role which organizes and optimizes all logistic services, together with promotion, sales, manufacturing, and funding and information technology (Litman, 2011). As the market leader, McDonalds has global competitors like, Star Bucks, KFC, Dominos, Subway, etc as well as on local levels also. Incoterms Consideration Selection: With the influence of globalization, business organizations are becoming multinational so there was an urgent need for global trade terms for domestic as well as international trade agreements in accordance to international trade law (Hein, et al. 2009). Incoterms Consideration Selection can be explained as a set of rules and regulations which are preset by International Chamber of Commerce which is associated with international commercial law. International commercial law is a set of authorized policy, principles, agreements, domestic legislation and business behaviour that manage and evaluate the international business operations (Bowersox, et al. 2002). It is basically a safe transaction agreement between globally diverse clients. There are widely thirteen commercial rules that are globally accepted in transfer of price and responsibility among the buyer and seller. They are: Cost and Freight, Delivered at Terminal, Delivered Duty Paid, Ex works, Free Alongside Ship, Free On Board , Cost Insurance and Freight, Delivery at Place, Free Carrier, Carriage Paid and insurance paid to, and Carriage Paid to (Incoterms Guide - Freight Filter, 2016). This was an initiative to make an equilibrium among the different local trade and commerce rules and regulations which could be difficult for a multinational organization to understand in 1939 and last revised in 2010 (Mun, 2002). Incoterms Selection at McDonalds: McDonalds is a multinational fast food business organization with existence in 118 countries globally. As fast food restaurants the main concern is food and service quality that is provided to the customers. Now, different country has different trade and commence rules and regulations that McDonalds need to follow. For instance, in Singapore, McDonalds is compulsory to obey with many Singapores rules and trade laws, covering Food Hygiene Standards, Legislative and regulatory Environment acts and appropriate licenses in Singapore. And management takes suitable steps to make sure that it covers with all applicable legislative rules and regulations. To meet the food safety and hygiene McDonalds receive its food resources from local suppliers on daily basis. McDonalds supply its raw materials through its own effective transportation system. The transportation supply chain management system of McDonalds is globally spread and the management has adapted a push and pull based supply chain a nd point of sale information transfer supervises the supply chain system. It mainly goes through three levels before finally serving the customer. Firstly, the indirectly suppliers, who primarily produces and processes the raw food materials like wheat or raise cattle. The indirectly supply the raw food materials to the direct suppliers or the distribution centres who then organizes and harmonizes the distribution systems in the restaurants. It is in the distribution centres, final food products like meat patties, buns, etc are produces before delivering it to the restaurants. Then according to the demand food materials are supplied to the restaurant on daily basis where trained staff arranges foods according to customer demand and needs. McDonalds follow an inbound logistics for the movement of raw materials and suppliers into storage facilities. The transportation system of McDonalds is entirely outsourced and about 80% of the movement of raw materials are done in refrigerated tru cks. Keeping in mind, the kind of business that McDonalds conduct and its resource transportation through road ways, the management should adopt the EXW, DAT and DDP Incoterms for managing its carrier relationship management. Carrier Selection Criteria: For cost cutting activity and for bringing effectiveness in the supply chain system, most of the logistics and transportation operations are outsources (Stock, Lambert, 2001). The management and resource allocation of raw materials is an essential part of transportation system. To have an effective supply chain solution it is important for business organization to choose an effective carrier system. To influence prospect in rising markets, the management of McDonalds are focusing on combining and lining up the transportation management communications, methods and actions to decrease expenditure and develop effectiveness. The transportation management system is an integral part and it wires the on the whole business strategy (Tambo, 2012). The business goal of McDonalds is to meet up consumers requirements at the same time as maintaining minimum pricing strategy and McDonalds facility on lean strategy, i.e. they does not cook until the customer place a order and once a order is place d they assemble the whole process and they serve the customer freshly cooked food within a limited period of time. As stated earlier McDonalds does not have own transportation system and have fully outsourced the transportation system to the third party. This strategy was adopted so that they can take advantage of the efficiency and experienced specialist taking care of the logistics on the other hand McDonalds can concentrate more on other core business operations like customer service, food quality control, hygiene etc. The management of McDonalds mainly goes for a contract or partnership with other logistics business organizations that are responsible for effective functioning of transportation system like buying of material, material management and many of the other functions of logistics. This process is known as contract logistics. McDonalds has collaborated with Keystone Distribution UK which is responsible for manufacturing, processing and distribution of food resources in McDonalds restaurants mostly in Asia, Europe and America. The first partnership was formed in 1977 for baking hamburger bun and ever since the collaboration is growing strong. In 2011, Keystone Distribution was awarded the Performance Supplier of the year. They have been supplying every food resources that are required to run a successful McDonalds restaurant. They supply from ketchups, fresh foods, frozen foods, meats, etc to McDonalds restaurants. Other than these McDonalds has to compact with diverse suppliers for their d ifferent products as the business objective of McDonalds is to provide fresh and hygienic fast food products according to customer needs in affordable price. Soft drink producers and brands like Coca-Cola, Tropicana, etc collaborate with McDonalds who form the second tier suppliers, as they supply key materials to Keystone distribution, which is the first tire suppler of McDonalds and is responsible for McDonalds food resources supplies. For meat food resources, McDonalds has collaborated with Sun Valley, Ecsa and Moy Park who also acts as second tier suppliers. Thus we can say that Keystone Distribution is a key player in transportation and logistics activities and McDonalds is fully dependent on them. This has resulted in McDonalds complete dependency on its supply partners but on the flip side, McDonalds does not have to invest heavily on transportation and logistics management. The Keystone uses transport systems that are dedicated task force of refrigerated trucks to McDonalds distribution points. Multi temperate and single temperate logistics trucks then transport the food materials quickly to McDonalds restaurants as per the demand . A distribution point generally covers a large area, so it is responsible for multiple Mc restaurants at a same time. Carrier Relationship management: The logistic necessity has enhanced to serve consumers with more quick and swift efficient customer service facilities (Belenky, 2013). A good carrier relationship management generates value by means of time and location, so good transportation and logistics management can be understood as the actions that add value in the process of supply chain (Paul, 2011). This can help an organization to increase revenue profit and potential profit control as it significantly saves time and money and facilitates in sales volume. Thus smooth the progress of organizational effectiveness. Carrier relationship management can face some challenges and they are- Transport capacity shortage and unskilled labour force in the transport and logistics systems can delay delivery system at right time and right place (Schnsleben, 2016). McDonalds Carrier Relationship management is based on several factors which are directly related to the organizations objective. The factors that affect the carrier relationship management in McDonalds are Area Transit time, Reliability of on-time pickup and delivery, Techniquel capability or skills to share information, Equipment availability and capacity, product protection or carriers freight damage experience, financial stability of the Carriers and Freight rates. Business organizations like McDonalds programs globally, so they have to maintain a reliable transportation and logistics system globally which can be some cumbersome task to maintain. Also, the rising concerns in terrorism activities can also become hindrance for an effective carrier transportation system. To fight with the above challenges it is important for business organizations to give significant importance towards Carrier relationship management (Christopher, 2016). It is a process of adjusting business performa nce by improving carrier partners. As a transport manager I understand how our carrier partners web the different organizational operations to serve our customers. Without customers, organizations will fail to provide proper importance to the carrier partner. As the business objective of McDonalds is to provide fresh and hygienic food products at affordable price, this can only be achieved only when all the organizational activities perform in harmony and transportation being an integral part of the system for delivering fresh food products on daily basis cannot be ignored. As, the McDonalds have fixed suppliers so there is a little chance for the management to bargain the Freight rates, with its suppliers. Recommendations: As a transport manager of McDonalds the following are the recommendations that I would like to state to bring effectiveness in Carrier Relationship management system in McDonalds and I believe that implementing the following measures in the Carrier Relationship management will improve the supply chain management system of the organization. They are as follows: Settle contracts value with our carrier partners, as well as enthusiastic lane rates for them. Discussing and developing more cost cutting measures to implement in the logistic system with our carrier partners (Ballou, 2007). Continuing long-term, sustainable associations along with the carrier partners to healthier bring into line McDonalds business objective, customer needs and Keystones objective to facilitate maintain to provide the most excellent alternative for supply chain management (Stein, Sloane, 2003). As a transport manager we have to proactively function along with carrier partners more willingly than merely assisting them when situation demands or at the time of renewal of contracts or to discuss new freight rates. We should provide special training and development programs for the employees who are directly related in the transportation process to improve their skills and abilities (Rushton, et al. 2014). This will not only bring effectiveness in the system but also will increase engagement among the participants. Conclusion: In the above study, we have discussed about the importance of transportation and logistics systems in the contemporary business organizations and how it has become an integral part of business operations. As a transport manager of Mc Donalds Inc., the above report was conducted with the aim to analyse the effectiveness the three crucial aspects of transportation management, namely, Incoterms Consideration Selections, Carrier Selection Criteria, and Carrier Relationship management. In the report we have discussed about how McDonalds has chosen to outsource its logistic systems to third part for reducing organizational cost on transportation systems and focus on the other organizational operations like customer satisfaction and hygiene in the restaurants. There are mainly two tires of suppliers in McDonalds, the first tier supplier is Key Distributions who receive direct food materials from second tier suppliers like Sun Valley, Ecsa and Moy Park and process them and distribute accordi ng to needs. We have also discussed about how McDonalds has bring effectiveness with its suppliers. But it lacks it control over transportation and logistics systems and solely dependent on Key Distributions. So, in conclusion I have discussed and suggested recommendations about how McDonalds can build-up a strong and long term relationship with its key carrier partners. Reference: Ballou, R. H. (2007).Business logistics/supply chain management: planning, organizing, and controlling the supply chain. Pearson Education India. Belenky, A. S. (2013).Operations research in transportation systems: ideas and schemes of optimization methods for strategic planning and operations management(Vol. 20). Springer Science Business Media. Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. 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Our History and Timeline | McDonald's. Mcdonalds.com. Retrieved 3 November 2016, from https://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en-us/about-us/our-history.html Mun, J. (2002).Real options analysis: Tools and techniques for valuing strategic investments and decisions(Vol. 137). John Wiley Sons. Paul, A. (2011).Centrality in Strategic Transportation Network Design: An Application to Less-than-truckload Networks. Klner Wissenschaftsverlag. Rushton, A., Croucher, P., Baker, P. (2014).The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Schnsleben, P. (2016).Integral logistics management: Operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Stein, K. E., Sloane, R. K. (2003).Using customer needs to drive transportation decisions(Vol. 487). Transportation Research Board. Stock, J. R., Lambert, D. M. (2001).Strategic logistics management(Vol. 4). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Tambo, T. (2012). 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